Hypertension?

 

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries persistently elevates. This puts extra strain on the heart and blood vessels, increasing the risk of serious health problems like heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, and vision loss.

원인

• Essential (primary) hypertension: The cause is unknown, but factors like genetics, aging, salt sensitivity, and lifestyle choices play a role.
• Secondary hypertension: Caused by an underlying condition such as kidney disease, sleep apnea, certain medications (e.g., birth control pills, decongestants), adrenal gland tumors, and thyroid problems.

증상

• Most people with hypertension have no noticeable symptoms, even if blood pressure readings reach dangerously high levels. This is why it's often called the "silent killer."
• Some individuals may experience headaches, shortness of breath, nosebleeds, or dizziness, but these symptoms are not specific to hypertension and can be caused by other conditions.

예방 방법

• Maintain a healthy weight.
• Follow a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and low in saturated and trans fats, cholesterol, and sodium.
• Engage in regular physical activity (at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity per week).
• Limit alcohol consumption (no more than one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men).
• Quit smoking.
• Manage stress through techniques like meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises.
• Monitor blood pressure regularly and consult a healthcare professional if readings are consistently high.

치료 방법

• Lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, weight loss, stress management).
• Medications, including diuretics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, calcium channel blockers, and others. The specific medication or combination of medications will depend on the individual's blood pressure readings, overall health, and other factors.
• Regular monitoring of blood pressure and adjustments to treatment as needed